BANGKOK — Air pollution, particularly fine particulate matter (PM2.5), is draining Bangkok’s economy by over 400 billion baht annually, experts revealed during the 17th National Health Assembly. The seminar, organized by the National Health Commission Office, highlighted the pressing need for clean air management to mitigate both environmental and economic losses.
Assoc. Prof. Witsanu Attavanich from Kasetsart University’s Faculty of Economics emphasized the critical role of adopting the Bio-Circular-Green Economy (BCG) model for sustainable development. This model integrates bioeconomy, which adds value to biological resources; circular economy, which enhances resource efficiency; and green economy, which ensures sustainable development without compromising environmental health.
Witsanu stressed that PM2.5 pollution lasts for 6–7 months annually in Bangkok, contrary to the common belief of a shorter duration. Alongside Bangkok, provinces like Chon Buri, Nakhon Ratchasima, Chiang Mai, and Khon Kaen also face significant economic and health impacts from air pollution.
Globally, the World Bank estimates air pollution costs US$8.1 trillion (273.5 trillion baht) annually, or 6.1% of global GDP. In Thailand, economic damage from PM2.5 is among the highest in the region.
To address the crisis, Witsanu proposed integrating royal initiatives such as tree planting and forest preservation, along with measures like promoting carbon credits and encouraging the circular economy to reduce waste burning. Providing farmers with affordable modern machinery would also minimize agricultural burning, boost productivity, and reduce debt.
Panitarn Pavarolavidya, deputy secretary-general of the Federation of Thai Industries (FTI), suggested deploying hybrid air purification towers called “Fah Sai.” Capable of purifying up to 60,000 cubic meters of air per hour, these towers could significantly reduce urban air pollution. The cost per tower, between 3–5 million baht, is a small price compared to the immense social costs incurred by residents due to pollution.
